1.Thought of Deming
In his fourteen principles, he requires management not to depend on inspection.
Quality is made in processes, not by inspections. Improved processes with trained workers assure good quality. It reduces defective products and wasteful inspection cost.

2.Thought of Quality assurance by inspection in ISO9001: 1987
Influenced strongly by BS5750, ISO9001: 1987 had made based on the thought of quality assurance by inspection, not by improving processes. For instance it has special 4.1.2.2 clause of verification resources and personnel and it says as follows.

“The supplier (organization in ISO9001: 2000) shall identify in-house verification requirements, provide adequate resources and assign trained personnel for verification activities.
Verification activities shall include inspection, test and monitoring of the design, production, installation and servicing processes and/or product; design reviews and audits of the quality system (quality management system in ISO9001: 2000), processes and/or product shall be carried by personnel independent of those having direct responsibility for the work being performed”.

But training of workers who made quality should be more emphasized than inspectors.
And inspection done by independent personnel of those having direct responsibility for the work being performed, makes the working people indifference to quality they made.

3. Retreat from the thought of quality assurance by inspection in ISO9001: 1994
In 1994 version, 4.1.2.2 is deleted and also independency of those having direct responsibility for the work being performed is deleted, except for internal audits.
4.10.2 b) clause of in-process inspection and testing in ISO9001: 1987, which says the organization shall establish product conformance to specified requirements by use of process monitoring and control method, is also deleted.
There appeared the word of “ self inspection” in ISO8402: 1994.

4. QS9000
Influenced by Toyota production system, QS9000 (the first edition issued in 1994) requires in 4.10.3 c) clause that all process activities should be directed towards defect prevention methods, such as statistical process control, error proofing, visual controls, rather than defect prevention.

5. Application of the thought of separation of the three powers to an organization
For a manufacturing company the legislature power corresponds to the design and development power, the administration power to the manufacturing power and the judicial power to the inspection power.
But this thought is obsolete from the standpoint of Total Quality Management.